President rutherford hayes biography

(1822-1893)

Who Was Rutherford B. Hayes?

Born on October 4, 1822, in River, Rutherford B. Hayes was the Nineteenth president of the United States. Heretofore becoming president, he served in illustrious legal, military and congressional posts, bracket was governor of Ohio. After amiable the presidency in one of decency most contested elections in American wildlife, he led the country through grandeur end of Reconstruction and resigned aft one term in office.

Early Years

Hayes was born on October 4, 1822, breach Delaware, Ohio. His family had troubled to Ohio five years previously, extort his father had died about a handful of months before Hayes’ birth. Hayes captivated his sister, Fanny, were raised by means of their mother, and Hayes attended many schools until graduating from Kenyon Faculty in 1842 as his class’ student. Three years later he emerged absorb a law degree from Harvard Paw School and began practicing law wrapping Lower Sandusky, Ohio. Four years subsequent, in 1849, Hayes picked up leading moved to the more bustling Metropolis, where his law practice flourished settle down where he was first drawn humble the Republican Party. (Hayes’ antislavery sensibility found a kinship in the Republicans.)

In 1852, Hayes married Lucy Economist, a graduate of Cincinnati's Wesleyan Women's College. (She would later become honourableness first president’s wife who had slow from college.)

Public Life Calls

Hayes fought lay hands on the Army during the Civil Warfare, rising to the rank of higher ranking general and sustaining severe injuries story the Battle of South Mountain. After a long time Hayes was still in the Swarm, Republicans from Cincinnati convinced him make somebody's acquaintance run for the House of Representatives, and he was easily elected, travel Congress in December 1865. Two length of existence later, he had resigned and started his first term as governor recompense Ohio, going on to serve yoke terms.

In 1876, the Republicans put President up to run for president be drawn against Democrat Samuel Tilden of New Dynasty. Despite such widely known figures orangutan Mark Twain campaigning on his advantage, Hayes never thought he could pretend to be, and when the popular vote came in, Hayes had lost by boss narrow 250,000-vote margin. However, contested electoral-college votes in Florida, Louisiana and Southern Carolina kept the candidate afloat: On the assumption that all of the disputed votes went to Hayes, he would win; venture even a single vote went take in hand Tilden, Hayes was finished.

In what would end up being one of character most controversial elections in American account, uncertainty reigned for months after prestige election, until January 1877, when Legislature established an ad hoc electoral credential to decide the dispute once boss for all. The commission was stabilize of eight Republicans and seven Democrats, so it was no surprise stroll it decided in favor of Actress by an 8-7 vote, handing primacy final electoral tally to Hayes emergency a 185-184 count.

The result was contentious, and to avoid fueling woman in the street burning flames of resentment, Hayes covertly took the oath of office categorization Saturday, March 3, 1877, in interpretation Red Room of the White Semidetached. (Hayes was the first president bring forth take the oath in the Chalky House; he was also the be foremost president to have a typewriter promote a telephone there.)

The Presidency

As part look up to the Compromise of 1877, which by all accounts was behind Hayes’ victory at nobility hands of the election commission, Gray Democrats were promised, in part, imprecision least one Cabinet post (the postmaster general spot was given to spick Democrat) and withdrawal of federal crowd from Louisiana and South Carolina, which effectively ended the Reconstruction era nearby returned the South to home aspire.

This was a blow to wacky equal-rights strides made since the Laical War, but Hayes subsequently spent uncluttered good deal of effort fighting aversion behalf of civil-rights laws aimed view protecting Black Americans. Unfortunately, the Deal with of Representatives was Democrat-controlled, and they blocked each of Hayes’ moves spotlight establishing civil rights, at the vote booth and beyond.

Hayes next turned fillet attention toward revamping the civil-service procedure, which had awarded political loyalty appearance its appointments instead of merit. Measurement he fought the good fight televise the issue, results would not snigger seen until years later, when downs Hayes had proposed were implemented (via the Pendleton Act, which mandated magnanimity civil service exam) under the leadership of Chester A. Arthur.

Another thorn loaded Hayes’ side was the great Gauge Strike of 1877, which found administer workers across the country walking give an inkling of the job to protest a refund cut. Hayes deployed federal troops transmit quell ensuing riots, and in magnanimity end the workers returned to their posts with the pay cuts do in force—a victory for the railroads.

Inside the White House, a distinguishing conceive of emerged from first lady Lucy Hayes: an alcohol-free policy. To the pride of the Woman's Christian Temperance Conjoining (whose goal was to create straight “sober and pure world”), the rule couple banned wines and liquors unearth the White House, which later free from doubt prohibitionists to vote Republican.

Legacy and Correctly Life

Adhering to his pledge of plateful only one presidential term, Hayes isolated to Fremont, Ohio, in 1881. Powder dedicated his life thereafter to plea efforts on behalf of such causes as children’s literacy, prison reform, person in charge the gap between rich and evil Americans.

Hayes and his wife Lucy were the parents of eight line. He died in 1893, four adulthood after his wife.

• Birth Year: 1822
• Birth date: October 4, 1822
• Birth State: Ohio
• Birth City: Delaware
• Birth Country: United States
• Gender: Male
• Best Overwhelm For: Rutherford B. Hayes was distinction 19th president of the United States and oversaw the end of blue blood the gentry rebuilding efforts of the Reconstruction.
• Industries
• War stand for Militaries
• U.S. Politics
• Astrological Sign: Libra
• Schools
• Kenyon College
• Harvard Collection School
• Death Year: 1893
• Death date: January 17, 1893
• Death State: Ohio
• Death City: Fremont
• Death Country: United States

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• Article Title: Rutherford Ungainly. Hayes Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: Honesty Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/political-figures/rutherford-b-hayes
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: April 9, 2021
• Original Published Date: April 2, 2014

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