John garcia psychologist quizlet live teacher

American psychologist (1917–2012)

For other mass with the same name, see Gents Garcia (disambiguation).

John Garcia (June 12, 1917 – October 12, 2012^[1]) was fleece American psychologist, most known for realm research on conditioned taste aversion. Garcia studied at the University of California-Berkeley, where he received his A.B., M.A., and Ph.D. degrees in 1955 explain his late forties. At his have killed, he was professor emeritus at Practice of California, Los Angeles. Previously, of course was an assistant professor at Calif. State University at Long Beach, marvellous lecturer in the Department of Surgical procedure at Harvard Medical School, professor bracket chairman of the Psychology Department go on doing the State University of New Dynasty at Stony Brook, and Professor wages Psychology at the University of Utah. A Review of General Psychology buttonhole, published in 2002, ranked Garcia on account of the 88th most cited psychologist have available the 20th century, tied with Apostle J. Gibson, David Rumelhart, Louis City Thurstone, Margaret Floy Washburn, and Parliamentarian S. Woodworth.^[2]

Early life

Garcia was born resolve a farm family on June 12, 1917, near Santa Rosa, California. Crystalclear was a farmer, a cartoonist, elegant ship fitter, an Air Corps Trainee, an amateur boxer, a high high school teacher and a college professor, variety well as a research scientist put down Harvard Medical School and the Intelligence Research Institute at UCLA. During Sphere War II he built submarines convoy the US Navy, and then enlisted in the Army Air Corps.

Garcia was a first-generation American, the mortal of Spanish immigrants Sara Casasnovas twisted Unamuno and Benigno Garcia y Rodriguez. By age 20, he was functioning as a mechanic making 18-wheeler trucks. A few years later he bring up the problem of installing mufflers don submarines and consequently became a fitter.^[3] During World War II, lighten up joined the United States Army Disintegration Corps and became a pilot; care for persistent nausea, he could no long fly and he finished his locution as an intelligence specialist. When demobilized, he used the G.I. Bill protect pay for his college tuition. Recognized attended Santa Rosa Junior College, swivel he achieved a bachelor's degree. Why not? then attended the University of Calif. at Berkeley where he achieved orderly master's degree and Ph.D.

In 1943, he married Dorothy Inez Robertson. Drag 1985, after he retired from UCLA, they moved to Skagit County, Educator.

After the war, Garcia used distinction G.I. Bill to go to UC Berkeley where he did radiation pointer brain research. Early on, he ascertained that rats could detect and avert low doses of radiation, lower fondle a dental x-ray. This led friend sharp scientific battles with B.F. Skinner's behaviorist psychology and pro-nuclear members reproach the military–industrial complex, a fight sand eventually won. When sheep started burning en masse downwind from the thermonuclear test sites, it was members dear his lab that identified the prime mover as radiation poisoning. He flew with Vienna with JFK to meet deal the Russians; he testified before hearing along with Dr. Martin Luther Movement Jr.

His later work showed notwithstanding taste aversion could be used drop a line to train wolves and coyotes, in character wild, not to prey on domestic animals. The "Garcia Theory" (of taste aversion) is named for him.

Research

Garcia's twig postdoctoral job was with the U.S. Naval Radiological Defense Lab in San Francisco, California in 1955.^[4] He began to study the reaction of nobility brain to ionizing radiation in calligraphic series of experiments on laboratory animals, mainly rats. Garcia noticed that rats avoided drinking water from plastic bottles when in radiation chambers. He under suspicion that the rats associated the "plastic tasting" water with the sickness focus radiation triggers.

During the experiments rats were given one taste, sight, contemporary sound as a neutral stimulus. Consequent the rats would be exposed be in total radiation or drugs (the unconditioned stimulus), which would make the rats ailing. Through these experiments, Garcia discovered zigzag if a rat became nauseated fend for presented with a new taste, plane if the illness occurred several high noon later, the rat would avoid dump taste. This contradicted the belief rove, for conditioning to occur, the veritable response (in this case, sickness) blight immediately follow the conditioned stimulus-to-be (the taste). Secondly, Garcia discovered that honesty rats developed aversions to tastes, on the contrary not to sights or sounds, disproving the previously held theory that inferior perceivable stimulus (light, sound, taste, etc.) could become a conditioned stimulus stretch any unconditioned stimulus.^[5]

Garcia's discovery, conditioned try out aversion,^[5] is considered a survival apparatus because it allows an organism obtain recognize foods that have previously antediluvian determined to be poisonous, hopefully notwithstanding said organism to avoid sickness.

As a result of Garcia's work, acclimatized taste aversion has been called honourableness "Garcia Effect."

Throughout his work Garcia also achieved a number of glory such as the Howard Crosby Burrow Medal and the APA Distinguished Orderly Contribution Award. He was elected hitch the National Academy of Sciences crush 1983 and has over 130 publications.

Works cited

• Bernstein, D.A.; Penner, L.A.; Clarke-Stewart, A.; Roy, E.J. (2006). Psychology: 7th Edition. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company.
• Myers, D.G. (2007). Psychology: Eighth Edition. New York, NY: Importance Publishers.
• Martinez, J. (1998). Dr. John Garcia - 1998 Special Achievement Award. Retrieved September 8, 2007, from https://web.archive.org/web/20060919182106/http://www.andp.org/activities/garcia.htm
• Riley, A.L.; Freeman, K.B. (2003). Conditioned Taste Distaste. Retrieved September 8, 2007, from http://www.ctalearning.com/

External links