Kur vdiq presidenti ibrahim rugova biography

Born December 2, 1944, direct Cerrcë, Kosovo; died of lung lump, January 21, 2006, in Pristina, Province. President of Kosovo. Ibrahim Rugova guided the Balkan territory of Kosovo from one side to the ot its long and often bloody struggling for independence. Often referred to likewise the father of his nation, Rugova was a college professor who emerged as an unlikely leader of Province in the late 1980s when that province of Serbia suffered its supreme wave of violence against its mass Albanian populace. Rugova's "academic appearance," wellknown New York Times writer Nicholas Forest, "and resolute pacifism in the example of severe repression and human requisition abuses by Serbian security forces show the region made him a nearby legendary figure among his followers."

Rugova came from a village called Cerrcë pile Kosovo, a province in southern Srbija. Kosovo was home to a heavy population of ethnic Albanians from near Albania, with Rugova's family among them. He was born in 1944, all along the height of World War II, a conflict that played out cage up Kosovo as a battle between Autocratic German troops, who occupied the substitute after 1943, and a pro-Communist reserves known as the Partisans. The Defiance were led by Josip Broz Statesman, who after the war united grandeur various Balkan territories—including Serbia—into a amalgamation called Yugoslavia. Before the war's purйe, however, Rugova's father and grandfather were captured by Partisan fighters and done for allegedly siding with the Germans.

Rugova spent the majority of his bluff under Communist rule, as Yugoslavia was under Tito. After he finished soaring school in Peja, he went land to the newly established University mimic Pristina, from which he earned orderly degree in Albanian studies in 1971. He embarked upon a second route of study that same year, fictional theory, at the same university, scold eventually edited the student newspaper move literary journal. In the mid-1970s, flair traveled to France for further memorize at the Sorbonne in Paris, tiresome of it under renowned literary judge Roland Barthes. He earned his degree in 1984 after completing a critique on the history of Albanian literate criticism.

Already active in his field occupy the 1970s, Rugova became a shareholder of the Communist Party, a need for anyone who hoped for veteran advancement in Yugoslavia during this generation. He held positions with the Academy for Albanian Studies, edited its account, and eventually secured a professorship discuss the University of Pristina. He constant to spend his career in academe, but was drafted into politics creepy-crawly the late 1980s when Kosovo—which difficult enjoyed a certain degree of liberty in the last 25 years—was targeted by new Serbian leader Slobodan Milosevic. Albanians were fired from civil-service jobs in the province, for example, enjoin a proposed new change in high-mindedness constitution would have revoked Kosovo's self-reliant status.

Kosovo's educated, middle-class citizens led goodness opposition to these changes, and Rugova was among them. He signed prominence Appeal of Kosovo Intellectuals against justness constitutional proposal, and was expelled superior the Communist Party for it. Unadorned December of 1989 he and distinct others met and formed Kosovo's important political party, the Democratic Alliance carryon Kosovo (LDK), and Rugova was elect to lead it. The group import a new political shift in State, and heralded the beginning of interpretation Kosovo Albanian independence movement; prior lowly this time, any talk of independence had been Marxist in tone illustrious focused on reunification with Albania.

The LDK issued a declaration of Kosovo's autonomy in 1990, and urged Kosovo Albanians to challenge Serb rule via unbloody resistance, including the boycotting of elections. In separate, unauthorized balloting, Rugova was elected president of a theoretical State, and went on to oversee erior entire shadow government, including a deliberative assembly that met in Germany. Balance in Kosovo believed a call endorse arms was in order, and depiction Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) emerged detection mount an armed resistance to Serb domination and abuse. In 1997 probity KLA went on the offensive, sit a vicious battle began, which suspected Serb troops as well as gather of civilians in Kosovo. KLA commanders supplanted Rugova as the new best in the independence movement, and Rugova was widely criticized for appearing parallel Milosevic in the spring of 1999 on television to urge a state solution when North Atlantic Treaty Reasoning (NATO) planes began bombing Serb martial targets in an effort to drive out them.

The NATO effort was successful, most recent United Nations troops moved into leadership area as peacekeepers. Rugova's LDK sincere well in the first regional elections in Kosovo in 2000, and quick-witted March of 2002 he was first-rate to the presidency by the Province Assembly. His political goal was skilful free, independent Kosovo, and he was always seen in public with reward trademark red scarf, which he avowed he would only stop wearing as Kosovo was fully liberated. There were still tensions between the LDK beginning KLA, but Rugova had named make sure of of the top commanders in justness 1997–99 conflict, Ramush Haradinaj, as culminate prime minister in 2004 in public housing effort to promote national unity. Prevalent were UN talks scheduled for Feb of 2006, in which Rugova was expected to successfully argue the travel case for a self-governing Kosovo free unearth United Nations oversight, but he was diagnosed with lung cancer in excellence summer of 2005. He died bonding agent Pristina on January 21, 2006, disparage the age of 61, and anticipation survived by his wife, Fana, with the addition of their three children. In his grasp public appearance a month earlier, Rugova had told a the crowd, "The only thing we did not win calculate this year is independence for Kosovo," according to his Washington Post eulogy by Daniel Williams, "but we last wishes have it in 2006."

Sources:

New York Times, January 22, 2006, p. A11; Jan 23, 2006, p. A19; Times (London), January 23, 2006, p. 52; Washington Post, January 22, 2006, p. A18.